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北京工商大学学报(社会科学版)摇 摇 摇 摇 2019 年摇 第 2 期

How to Assess the Returns of Labor Force Skills in China:
An Empirical Study Based on Provincial Survey

WANG Yunhan 1,2 & GAO Wenshu 3
(1. Department of Human Resources, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China;
2. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 102488, China;
3. Institute of Population and Labor Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China)
Abstract: Understanding the current situation of the quality of China蒺s labor forces and mastering their skill level is a neces鄄
sary prerequisite for formulating the national education, economic and social policies. Based on the data from the Survey of Adult
Competencies in Henan Province, it analyzes the relationship between education and capability formation through the methods
such as OLS regression, instrument variables, etc. Moreover, it assesses the rate of return to labor force skills, and finds that ed鄄
ucation has a depreciation effect. The human capital acquired by the laborer is devalued over time. One more schooling year
brings about significant marginal improvement to laborer蒺s ability or skill. The marginal improvement effect of schooling on
individual蒺s ability is larger on one蒺s numeracy skill than on literacy skill. The average level of adult ability of Henan Province is
significantly lower than the international average level. The total return to skills, as well as the long鄄term return to skills, which
is measured by sub鄄sample of mature laborers, is lower than the results of existing literatures abroad. This study recommends that
school education should attach great importance to improvement of students蒺 literacy and numeracy skills. Encouragement should
be given to develop adult education and on鄄the鄄job training to build up a better life鄄long education system. Nationwide survey of
adult competencies should be conducted on a regular basis. More reforms should be made on the household registration (Hukou)
system against gender discrimination to realize the equal pay for equal work for male and female, the reasonable movement of ur鄄
ban and rural labor forces, etc.
Key Words: labor force; return rate of skills; assessment; capability; education; return to human capital; human capital
return
(本文责编摇 王摇 轶)

(上接第 21 页)
The Impact of Technological Innovation on Income Inequality Based on
Perspective of Enterprise Development and Government Intervention

GUO Chen, ZHANG Weidong & ZHU Shika
(School of Economics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China)
Abstract: Technological innovation has a far鄄reaching effect on China蒺s social development. However, in the past, there
was little research on the impact of technological innovation on social fairness. This paper takes the impact of technological inno鄄
vation on income inequality and its mechanism of action as research content. Theoretically, the mathematical model is constructed
based on Solow theory to carry out the inductive analysis. Empirically, the CGSS and the matched provincial panel data in 2008,
during the years from 2010 to 2013 and in 2015 are used for empirical testing, intermediate mechanism identification and hetero鄄
geneity analysis. The study finds the following. (1) Based on enterprise development, due to differences in technological innova鄄
tion levels between industries and inter鄄enterprise R&D capabilities, income inequality will be intensified. (2) Based on govern鄄
ment intervention, the government has expanded its industrial policies through tax subsidies, thus the level of technological inno鄄
vation between industries and enterprises will lead to the widening income inequality. (3) Empirical test results show that tech鄄
nological innovation can increase income inequality. (4) The heterogeneity test finds that the effect of technological innovation on
income inequality is based on various factors including the level of human capital within the region, the size of the government,
geographic attributes, etc. Therefore, while the technological innovation promotes the efficiency of economic development, the
government must control its effect of distortion on social fairness.
Key Words: technological innovation; social fairness; income inequality; enterprise development; government interven鄄
(本文责编摇 王摇 轶)
tion; heterogeneity analysis
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