Page 61 - 《北京工商大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第4期

北京工商大学学报(社会科学版)摇 摇 摇 摇 2020 年摇 第 4 期

International Competitiveness of Chinese Enterprises:
Historical Evolution and Future Policy Choices

1 2
QIAN Xuefeng & WANG Bei
(1. School of Business and Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, Hubei 430073, China;
2. School of Economics and Business Administration, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China)

Abstract: Since the founding of New China more than 70 years ago, the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises
has achieved a great鄄leap鄄forward development. With the significant changes in both internal and external factors such as institu鄄
tional environment, technical level, management mode, factor endowment, business strategy, etc. in the different periods, the
international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises has undergone a historical evolution from prenatal stage, initial formation and
development stage, initial competitiveness stage, accelerated advance stage to the stronger and stronger stage, and presents the
characteristics of stage鄄by鄄stage development at the macro and micro levels. To a certain extent, it reflects the trajectory in the
development of China蒺s economic transformation and institutional reform. It is also embedded deeply in the complex international
political and economic environment, and it is consistent with the cycle of national strategic adjustment. The growth process and
evolutionary path of Chinese companies蒺 international competitiveness is not only the inevitable result of the continuous deepening
reform and opening up practices in the past decades, but also the benefit to a large extent from many microeconomic effect caused
by foreign trade and investment development. Facing the increasing external risks and the objectively existing internal demands
and constraints in the era of uncertainty, it is necessary to consider and implement the policy options to enhance continuously the
international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises from the macro鄄national level and the micro鄄enterprise level.
Key Words: international competitiveness of enterprises; institutional reform; open economy; uncertainty; innovation; in鄄
ternational operation
(本文责编摇 邓摇 艳)

(上接第 42 页)

Income Composition and Inequality in China

LUO Chuliang
(School of Labor and Human Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China)

Abstract: This paper reviews the changes of income inequality. The research finds that the nationwide inequality generally
shows a feature in three phases: egalitarianism in planned economy, fast and persistent expansion during economic transition, and
high hovering around for the current phase. Urban鄄rural income disparity was serious both in planned economy and economic tran鄄
sition. Before and after the reform and opening up, China generally has a relatively high urban鄄rural income gap. The income gap
within urban and rural areas expands continually in the process of economic transition. In view of income structure, the income
gap within rural areas constantly expands in the process of non鄄collectivization and non鄄agriculturalization of rural income sources.
Within the urban areas, the change in employment structure and the strengthening incentive effect of wage distribution have pro鄄
moted the rising income gap. In general, the income distribution mode before the reform and opening up is not desirable, but we
must face the current income gap problem and prevent the endogenous mechanism of the widening income gap.
Key Words: income gap; economic transition; income composition; long鄄term characteristics; urban鄄rural inequality
(本文责编摇 王摇 轶)

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