链长制能否赋能专精特新企业——基于企业全要素生产率视角的实证研究

Can the Chain Chief System Empower Specialized and Sophisticated SMEs? An Empirical Study from the Perspective of Enterprise Total Factor Productivity

中文关键词:  链长制  专精特新企业  全要素生产率  融资约束  人力资本集聚  技术协同

英文关键词:chain chief system  specialized and sophisticated small and medium-sized enterprises  total factor productivity  financing constraints  human capital agglomeration  technological collaboration

中文摘要:

      在全球产业链重构和高质量发展背景下,提升专精特新企业全要素生产率是增强产业链韧性、提高创新能力的关键。基于2014—2024年中国专精特新上市公司数据,利用地方政府分阶段推行链长制政策形成的准自然实验,构建多期双重差分模型,实证检验了链长制对专精特新企业全要素生产率的影响及作用机制。研究发现,链长制提升了专精特新企业的全要素生产率。链长制通过缓解融资约束、促进高端人力资本集聚以及强化上下游技术协同,改善了要素配置效率与技术效率,从而提升了专精特新企业的全要素生产率。异质性分析结果显示,上述提升效应在东部地区和市场竞争程度较高地区的企业中更为显著。因此,应完善融资支持体系,构建高端人力资本生态,推动技术协同创新与知识共享,以促进专精特新企业高质量发展。

英文摘要:

      Against the backdrop of global industrial chain restructuring and high-quality development, enhancing the total factor productivity (TFP) of specialized and sophisticated small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is crucial for making China's industrial chain more resilient and strengthening innovation capacity. Using data from Chinese listed specialized and sophisticated SMEs from 2014 to 2024 and exploiting the phased implementation of the chain chief system by local governments as a quasi-natural experiment, this study constructs a multi-period difference-in-differences model to empirically examine the impact of the chain chief system on the TFP of specialized and sophisticated SMEs and the underlying mechanisms. The results show that the chain chief system increases the TFP of specialized and sophisticated SMEs. Mechanism analysis indicates that the system improves factor allocation efficiency and technical efficiency and thereby raises TFP by alleviating financing constraints, promoting the agglomeration of high-end human capital, and strengthening upstream-downstream technological collaboration. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that these positive policy effects are more pronounced among enterprises located in the eastern region and in areas with a higher degree of market competition. Accordingly, to foster the high-quality development of specialized and sophisticated SMEs, policy efforts should focus on improving financing support systems, cultivating a high-end human capital ecosystem, and promoting collaborative technological innovation and knowledge sharing. 