数字经济与群体收入差距

Digital Economy and Income Inequality Among Groups

中文关键词:  数字经济  群体收入差距  收入分配结构  性别收入差距  代际收入流动性

英文关键词:digital economy  income inequality among groups  income distribution structure  gender-based income inequality  intergenerational income mobility

中文摘要:

      缩小不同群体间收入差距,实现“橄榄型”收入分配结构对国家经济增长、社会和谐稳定具有重要作用,关系着共同富裕目标的顺利实现,数字经济在其中发挥的作用值得探究。研究发现:数字经济通过关注“长尾市场”、实现“减尾效应”,提高低收入群体收入；通过增加高端就业机会、提升创业成功概率、扩展社会关系网络、优化资源配置效率、促进人力资本投资,促进中等收入群体向上流动；通过增加原技能群体就业机会、增强劳动者培训、提升劳动者受教育水平、激发低技能者创业潜能,缩小不同技能群体间收入差距；通过优化女性群体时间安排、提升女性群体就业能力、规避女性群体体力劣势,缩小性别群体间收入差距；通过强化市场机制作用、降低社会资本垄断、缩小人力资本差距、促进公共服务均等,缩小代际收入流动性引致的收入差距。为了缩小群体间收入差距,各级政府应加大数字基础设施普惠性建设、增加普惠性培训、提升弱势群体的数字能力、构建数字教育体系。

英文摘要:

      Reducing income inequality among groups and achieving an “olive-shaped” income distribution pattern are crucial for promoting national economic growth, maintaining social harmony and stability, and realizing the goal of common prosperity,the underlying role of the digital economy necessitates further exploration. This study finds that the digital economy reduces income inequality through multiple channels:It increases the income of low-income groups by targeting the “long-tail market” and achieving a “tail-reduction effect”; It facilitates the upward mobility of middle-income groups by increasing high-skilled employment opportunities, enhancing entrepreneurial success rates, expanding social networks, optimizing resource allocation efficiency, and promoting human capital investment; It reduces income inequality among skill-based groups by increasing employment opportunities for originally low-skilled workers, enhancing vocational training programs, improving educational attainment, and stimulating entrepreneurial potential among this group; It mitigates gender-based income inequality by optimizing time allocation for women, enhancing their employ ability, and mitigatingtheir physical disadvantages; It alleviates income inequality arising from intergenerational income mobility by reinforcing market mechanisms, reducing social capital monopolization, narrowing human capital inequality, and promoting equitable access to public services. To further reduce income inequality among groups, current digital economic development should focus on building inclusive digital infrastructure, expanding accessible training programs, enhancing thedigital literacy of disadvantaged groups, and establishing a digital education framework. 