制度型开放与企业新质生产力——基于自由贸易试验区设立的经验

Institutional Opening-up and Enterprise New Quality Productive Forces —Evidence from the Establishment of Pilot Free Trade Zones

中文关键词:  制度型开放  自由贸易试验区  新质生产力  知识产权  绿色创新  产业集聚

英文关键词:institutional opening-up  pilot free trade zone  new quality productive forces  intellectual property protection  green innovation  industrial agglomeration

中文摘要:

      制度型开放是加快发展新质生产力和构建新发展格局的强大动力,能够提供契合新质生产力发展所需要的新型生产关系。利用2011—2021年中国A股上市公司数据,基于自由贸易试验区设立这一制度型开放的重大举措,考察了其对企业新质生产力影响的政策效果。研究发现,自由贸易试验区设立能够显著促进企业新质生产力发展,并通过强化知识产权保护和绿色创新促进了企业新质生产力发展。异质性分析结果显示,当企业为非国有企业、高技术产业企业以及沿海城市企业时,自由贸易试验区设立对企业新质生产力的正向影响更显著。进一步分析发现,自由贸易试验区设立对企业新质生产力发展的促进作用受产业集聚的影响,自由贸易试验区所在地产业集聚水平越高,其对企业新质生产力发展的促进作用越大；并且,自由贸易试验区能够充分发挥制度优势的辐射作用,促进区外企业新质生产力发展。因此,中国应深入实施自贸试验区提升战略,以因地制宜发展新质生产力为目标优化自贸试验区制度体系,通过畅通自由贸易试验区内外企业合作机制,构建契合新质生产力发展需要的现代产业体系,助力企业新质生产力发展。

英文摘要:

      Institutional opening-up serves as a robust driver for accelerating the development of new quality productive forces and building a new pattern of development, providing a new type of relations of production that aligns with the development of new quality productive forces. Using data from China's A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2021, this study examines the policy effects of establishing pilot free trade zones (PFTZs), a significant measure of institutional opening-up, on enterprise new quality productive forces. The findings reveal that the establishment of PFTZs significantly promotes the development of enterprise new quality productive forces, primarily through strengthened intellectual property protection and green innovation. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive impact of PFTZs on enterprise new quality productive forces is more pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises, high-tech enterprises, and enterprises in coastal cities. Further analysis shows that this positive impact is influenced by industrial agglomeration, with a higher level of industrial agglomeration in the PFTZ locations leading to a more significant impact. Additionally, PFTZs can leverage the institutional advantages to exert a spillover effect, driving the development of new quality productive forces in enterprises outside the zones. Therefore, China should deepen the implementation of the PFTZ enhancement strategy, optimize the institutional framework of PFTZs to develop new quality productive forces based on local conditions, and build a modern industrial system that meets the needs of new quality productive forces by facilitating cooperation mechanisms between enterprises inside and outside PFTZs, thereby supporting the development of enterprise new quality productive forces. 