数字化与服务化交互影响下的企业高质量发展:相得益彰还是相互排斥？

Digitalization and Servitization:Synergistic Enhancement or Mutual Exclusion for High-Quality Development of Enterprises?

中文关键词:  数字化  服务化  数字化与服务化交互  交互效应  全要素生产率  人力资本水平  战略匹配

英文关键词:digitalization  servitization  interaction between digitalization and servitization  interaction effect  total factor productivity  human capital level  strategic matching

中文摘要:

      数字化和服务化是制造企业转型升级的两条重要路径,二者交互如何影响企业全要素生产率(TFP)是关系到制造企业能否实现高质量发展的重要问题。利用2007—2021年中国A股制造业上市公司数据,基于资源基础理论和核心能力理论,分析了制造企业在同时进行数字化改造和服务化转型时数字化与服务化交互对TFP的影响,并探讨了人力资本水平的调节作用。研究发现,数字化与服务化交互对TFP的影响显著,且存在互斥效应,而人力资本水平的提升能够有效缓解这一互斥效应。异质性分析结果表明,数字化与服务化交互对TFP的互斥效应在大型企业和高融资约束企业中表现得更为明显。进一步分析发现,外部数字化与服务化交互对TFP的互斥效应小于内部数字化,嵌入式服务化与数字化交互对TFP的互斥效应小于混入式服务化。因此,制造企业应着力提高资源获取能力、优化资源配置,注重高端人才引育、提升人力资本水平,在数字化转型过程中注重与外部合作,并围绕核心产品进行服务深化,以充分发挥数字化与服务化交互对TFP的协同作用,促进企业高质量发展。

英文摘要:

      Digitalization and servitization are two crucial paths for the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises. The impact of their interaction on the total factor productivity (TFP) of enterprises is a pivotal concern, determining the potential for these enterprises to achieve high-quality development. Based on data from China's A-share manufacturing enterprises from 2007 to 2021, and grounded in the resource-based theory and core competence theory, this study examines the impact of the interaction between digitalization and servitization on TFP when manufacturing enterprises concurrently undergo digitalization and servitization. Additionally, it investigates the moderating role of human capital level. The findings suggest that the interaction between digitalization and servitization exerts a significant impact on TFP, exhibiting a mutual exclusion effect, which can be effectively mitigated by an increase in human capital level. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the mutual exclusion effect is more pronounced in large enterprises and enterprises facing more financing constraints. Further analysis indicates that the mutual exclusion effect of external digitalization and servitization on TFP is smaller than that of internal digitalization, and embedded servitization interacting with digitalization exerts a smaller mutual exclusion effect on TFP compared with mixed servitization. Consequently, manufacturing enterprises should enhance their resource acquisition capabilities, optimize resource allocation, and prioritize the recruitment and cultivation of high-end talents to elevate human capital levels. Additionally, they should emphasize collaboration with external parties during digital transformation and deepen services centered around core products to fully leverage the synergy of digitalization and servitization on TFP, thereby promoting high-quality development. 