碳转移视角下中国区域横向碳补偿标准测度与机制构建研究

Study on Standard Measure and Mechanism Construction of China's Regional Horizontal Carbon Compensation from the Perspective of Carbon Transfer

中文关键词:  碳转移  碳补偿标准测度  碳补偿机制  多区域投入产出模型  技术补偿

英文关键词:carbon transfer  carbon compensation standard measurement  carbon compensation mechanism  multi-regional input-output model  technical compensation

中文摘要:

      从碳转移视角实施区域横向碳补偿制度,对中国实现碳达峰碳中和目标具有重要意义。从碳转移视角,基于区域横向碳补偿理论,构建多区域投入产出模型核算了中国区域间的碳转移量,引入碳交易价格测算区域横向碳补偿金额；为激励区域生产技术进步,进一步采用“技术补偿”对碳补偿金额进行修正,并选取2021年中国30个省份的数据进行验证。研究发现:江苏、广东、浙江等省份存在净碳转出量,需要支付碳补偿资金；内蒙古、宁夏、黑龙江等省份存在净碳转入量,可以获得碳受偿资金；碳补偿金额占比较高的部门为制造部门及交通运输、仓储和邮政部门；经过“技术补偿”修正后,绝大多数省份的碳补偿或碳受偿金额出现大幅度缩减。为保证碳补偿制度长效稳健实施,构建了碳补偿主体、碳补偿形式、碳补偿标准、碳补偿资金来源与使用、碳补偿保障措施等五个方面的区域横向碳补偿机制。基于上述分析,建议提高多区域投入产出表编制和开发的时效性,完善全国范围内的碳交易市场,实施纵横结合的多元化碳补偿制度,助力碳达峰碳中和目标的实现。

英文摘要:

      Implementing regional horizontal carbon compensation system from the perspective of carbon transfer, which is of great significance for China to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. From the perspective of carbon transfer, based on the theory of regional horizontal carbon compensation, this paper constructes multi-regional input-output model to calculate the amount of carbon transfer between regions in China, and introduces carbon trading prices to calculate the horizontal carbon compensation amount. In order to incentivize technological progress in regional production, “technical compensation” is further adopted to revise the carbon compensation amount. Besides, data from 30 provincial-level regions in China in 2021 are used for verification, and the results show that Jiangsu, Guangdong, and Zhejiang have net carbon outflows and need to pay for carbon compensation; Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and Heilongjiang have net carbon inflows and can obtain carbon compensation; and the manufacturing, transportation, warehousing, and postal sectors account for a relatively high proportion in terms of paying for carbon compensation. After the revision of “technical compensation”, the amount of paying for and obtaining carbon compensation in most provinces has significantly decreased. In order to ensure the long-term and stable implementation of the carbon compensation system, a regional horizontal carbon compensation mechanism in China is further constructed, which includes five components:carbon compensation subjects, carbon compensation forms, carbon compensation standards, carbon compensation fund source and use, and carbon compensation guarantee measures. Finally, based on the above analysis, policy recommendations are proposed from aspects of improving the timeliness of the preparation of multi-regional input-output tables, perfecting the national carbon trading market, and implementing a vertically and horizontally integrated carbon compensation system, which helps to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. 