中国特色返乡创业问题研究:框架、进展与展望

Research on Returnee Entrepreneurship with Chinese Characteristics:Framework, Progress and Prospects

中文关键词:  返乡创业  劳动力流动  农民工  迁移  就业  乡村振兴

英文关键词:returnee entrepreneurship  mobility of labor  migrant workers  migration  employment  rural revitalization

中文摘要:

      随着中国经济增速放缓和乡村振兴战略的实施,返乡创业越来越受到中国政府和学界的关注。结合西方经济学界对劳动迁移、区域发展和创业问题的研究,对中国特色返乡创业相关研究进行系统梳理和评述,有助于加深对该现象在中国式现代化进程中定位和意义的理解,推动相关领域研究的进步。当前对中国特色返乡创业现象的研究,主要集中在返乡创业的动力机制、影响因素、绩效成果及其对区域发展影响等方面,偏重讨论返乡者个人特征的效应,相对忽视了创业环境的影响。中国特色返乡创业具有很强的特殊性,相关研究政策启示性较强,因此与国际类似研究的接轨则略显不足。未来应加强以下四个方面的研究和数据建设工作:一是分析返乡创业需求侧的特点；二是讨论如何优化实现高效返乡创业的政策环境；三是探讨返乡创业对社会非经济层面的影响；四是加强返乡创业研究数据库的建设。

英文摘要:

      With the slowdown of China's economic growth and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, returnee entrepreneurship has attracted more and more attention from the Chinese government and academia. This paper, in combination with the Western economic scholars' research on labor migration, regional development and entrepreneurship, systematically reviews relevant studies of returnee entrepreneurship with Chinese characteristics. This can help to further understand the positioning and significance of this phenomenon during the Chinese modernization, thus promoting advanced research in related fields. Existing research on returnee entrepreneurship with Chinese characteristics mainly focuses on its dynamic mechanism, influencing factors, and performance results, as well as the impact on regional development. It pays more attention to the effect of returnees' personal characteristics, ignoring the impact of entrepreneurial environment. Due to the strong particularity of returnee entrepreneurship with Chinese characteristics, relevant research has a strong policy revelatory effect, while the integration with similar international studies is slightly insufficient. Therefore, future studies should focus on four aspects to enrich relevant research. First, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of returnee entrepreneurship on the demand side; second, it is necessary to discuss the policy environment conducive to realizing efficient returnee entrepreneurship; third, it is necessary to analyze the impact of returnee entrepreneurship on the social non-economic aspects; fourth, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of a research database on returnee entrepreneurship. 