创业培训、政策获取和农民工返乡创业绩效

Entrepreneurship Training, Policy Acquisition and Entrepreneurial Performance of Returned Migrant Workers

中文关键词:  返乡农民工  创业培训  政策获取  创业绩效  PSM-DID

英文关键词:returned migrant worker  entrepreneurship training  policy acquisition  entrepreneurial performance  PSM-DID

中文摘要:

      农民工作为返乡创业人群的重要组成部分,是助推乡村振兴的重要力量。基于2019年全国返乡创业企业的调查数据,采用DID和PSM-DID的方法实证检验了返乡农民工创业培训扶持政策的效应,并引入政策获取作为中介变量,探讨了创业培训对农民工返乡创业绩效的作用机制。研究发现,返乡创业培训可以显著提升农民工返乡创业绩效。中介效应检验表明,返乡农民工参与创业培训提高了政策获取能力,从而提升了返乡创业绩效。异质性检验发现,较之于中西部,东部地区的扶持政策效果更好。从行业相关度来看,创业前后从事行业相同与行业相关的人群受政策影响显著；创业前后从事行业不同的人群,受政策影响不显著。因此,建议政府营造良好的返乡创业培训氛围,形成相对完整的培训体系,开展个性化的创业培训保证培训效果；并通过培训提升返乡创业农民工的政策获取能力,促进返乡农民工创业绩效的提升。

英文摘要:

      As an important component among people returning to their hometowns to start their own businesses, migrant workers are important force driving rural revitalization. Based on the survey data of returnee entrepreneurial enterprises nationwide in 2019, DID and PSM-DID methods are used to empirically test the effect of entrepreneurship training support policies for returned migrant workers. Policy acquisition is used as an intermediary variable to explore the mechanism of entrepreneurship training on returned migrant workers' entrepreneurial performance. The research finds that there is a significantly positive correlation between returned entrepreneurial training and entrepreneurial performance of migrant workers. The mediating effect of returned migrant workers' participation in entrepreneurial training through policies also plays a role in improving entrepreneurial performance. Heterogeneity test shows that the effect of supporting policies in eastern China is better than that in central and western China. From the perspective of industry correlation, people in the same industry and related to industry before and after starting their own businesses have been significantly influenced by the policies, while people in different industries before and after starting their own businesses have not significantly influenced by the policies due to the lack of relevant experience. Therefore, it is suggested to create a good training atmosphere for returned migrant workers to start a business, form a relatively complete training system, and carry out personalized entrepreneurship training to ensure the training effect. At the same time, through training to improve the policy acquisition ability of returned migrant workers, promote the improvement of entrepreneurial performance of returned migrant workers and enhance their entrepreneurial vitality. 