人口老龄化背景下“时间银行”演变及其对我国经济社会发展的启示

“Time Bank” Evolution and Inspiration for China's Economic and Social Development under the Background of Aging Population

中文关键词:  人口老龄化  “时间银行”演变  经济社会发展  社会时间价值  人力资本  社会资本  社会治理

英文关键词:aging population  evolution of “time bank”  economic and social development  social time value  human capital  social capital  social governance

中文摘要:

      在人口老龄化发展趋势下,我国经济社会发展面临新挑战,探索我国经济社会发展新路径成为新时代背景下的新要求。“时间银行”是国外积极应对人口老龄化和促进经济社会发展的创新举措,其演变经历了萌芽期、探索期和成熟期三个阶段。“时间银行”演变中形成三个重要发展经验:通过利用个人的社会时间产生新的社会价值,通过建立市场与政府分配机制之外的社会交换与分配新机制集聚社会资本,通过运用数字化手段促进社会治理体系的建设和治理能力的提升。但“时间银行”这一社会分配机制仍无法代替市场和政府分配机制,特定的发展理论和模式难以满足不同文化背景下的多样性发展需求。因此,我国需要加强对“时间银行”的正确认识,推动自上而下与自下而上相结合的发展模式,发挥大数据等数字技术的整合与创新作用。基于上述分析,建议以“时间银行”开发我国社会人力资本,以“时间银行”集聚和发展社会资本,以“时间银行”数字化建设完善社会治理体系和实现治理能力现代化。

英文摘要:

      Under the trend of aging population, economic and social development of China is facing new challenges. Exploring a new path to actively cope with the China’s economic and social development has become a new requirement in the new era. “Time bank” is an innovative measure to actively deal with the aging population and promote the economic and social development in foreign countries. The development of “Time bank” has experienced three stages of germination, exploration and maturity. The evolution of “Time bank” has formed three important development experiences:to generate new social value through the use of personal social time, to establish a new social exchange and distribution mechanism in addition to market and government distribution mechanism for social capital collecting, to utilize information technology to promote the construction of social governance system and the improvement of governance capacity. However, the social distribution mechanism of “time bank” is still unable to replace the market and government distribution mechanism, and the specific development theories and models are difficult to meet the diverse development needs under different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, we need to strengthen the correct understanding of the development of “time bank”, promote a top-down and bottom-up development model, and play the role of integration and innovation of information technology such as big data. Based on the above analysis, this paper recommends to develop human capital for social development by “time bank”, to gather social capital for social development by “time bank”, to modernize the social governance system and governance capacity by the informatization construction of “time bank”. 