我国非司法ODR的适用与完善——以闲鱼小法庭为例

Application and Improvement of Non-judicial ODR in China: Taking Xianyu Court as an Example

中文关键词:  线上纠纷解决机制(ODR)  非司法ODR  互联网治理  平台自治  互联网民主  闲鱼小法庭

英文关键词:online dispute resolution (ODR)  non-judicial ODR  Internet governance  platform autonomy  Internet democracy  Xianyu Court

中文摘要:

      互联网经济纠纷的急速增长,迫切需要我国加强完善线上纠纷解决机制(ODR)以解决网络空间中的权利冲突问题。非司法ODR既传承了我国儒家传统的无讼解纷思想,又融会了前沿领域的互联网信息技术,充分将传统与现代相结合并创新智造出具有“线上纠纷线上解决”属性的诉源治理新模式。以闲鱼小法庭为例,基于个人、组织、社会三维效益论视角分析发现:非司法ODR通过融合非诉解纷理念能够实现形式多元、信息互通、对抗性弱的私力救济；非司法ODR通过倡导诉前分流机制可以实现缓解诉讼压力、降低诉讼延迟、优化司法资源配置；非司法ODR通过发挥定分止争作用真正实现了社会整体的非诉福祉建设。为了加快推动具有民间性、自治性、高效性的非司法ODR成为化解涉网纠纷的第一道防线,建议通过国家立法确认其正当地位,建立与司法ODR的衔接机制,规范解纷人员的职业操守,健全对网民数据的隐私保护机制,建立非司法ODR的司法确认制度。 

英文摘要:

      With the rapid growth of Internet economic disputes, it is urgent for China to strengthen and improve the online dispute resolution (ODR) to solve the conflicts of rights in cyberspace. The non-judicial ODR not only inherits the thought of China's Confucian tradition in non-litigation dispute resolution, but also integrates the cutting-edge Internet information technology, fully combining tradition and modernity and creatively creating a new mode of litigation source governance with the attribute of “online resolution for online dispute”. Taking Xianyu Court as an example, based on the analysis from the perspective of three-dimensional benefit theory of individuals, organizations and society, it is found that non-judicial ODR can realize private relief with diversified forms, information exchange and weak antagonism by integrating the concept of non-litigation dispute resolution. Non-judicial ODR can alleviate the litigation pressure, reduce the litigation delay, and optimize the judicial resource allocation by advocating pre-litigation diversion mechanism. The non-judicial ODR realizes the construction of non-litigation welfare of the whole society by playing the role of determining and resolving disputes. In order to promote the non-govermental, autonomous and efficient non-judicial ODR which should become the first line of defense to resolve the network-related disputes, it is suggested that the country should make legislation to confirm the legitimate status of ODR, establish the mechanism of cohesion with judicial ODR, standardize the professional ethics of dispute-resolving personnel, perfect the privacy protection mechanism of netizen's data, and establish the judicial confirmation system of non-judicial ODR. 