“一带一路”沿线国家营商环境对经济发展的影响——基于世界银行营商环境指标体系的分析

Empirical Study on the Effect of Business Environment on Economic Development along the “Belt and Road” Initiative Area:Based on the Analysis of World Bank Business Environment Indicator System

中文关键词:  营商环境  经济发展  “一带一路”  外商直接投资  GMM

英文关键词:business environment  economic development  the “Belt and Road” Initiative  FDI  GMM

中文摘要:

      良好的营商环境会提高企业的经营绩效,有助于吸引外商直接投资,因而受到了各国政府的极大关注。选取2010—2019年“一带一路”沿线58个国家为样本,分析了沿线国家营商环境的整体特征及演变趋势,运用固定效应面板模型、工具变量法以及广义矩估计法实证研究了营商环境对沿线国家经济发展的影响。实证结果表明:“一带一路”沿线国家营商环境对人均GDP存在显著的正向促进作用,即营商环境的改善可以促进国家经济的发展。进一步研究发现,开办企业、办理破产、获得电力供应和跨境贸易等有关政府经济规制程序的改善能够显著促进经济发展,其他细分指标如建筑审批时间、获得贷款、投资者保护、缴纳税款和执行合同并没有通过显著性检验,财产注册甚至可能会阻碍经济发展。总体上,沿线国家应当重视营商环境建设,根据营商环境具体指标的要求逐步改善本国的营商环境,以促进经济发展。

英文摘要:

      Good business environment can increase the performance of enterprises and be helpful to attract foreign direct investment, which has aroused much concern among various countries. Using the data of 58 countries along the “Belt and Road” Initiative during the years from 2010 to 2019 as samples, this paper analyzes the features and evolution trend of business environment, and studies its impact on economic development along the “Belt and Road” Initiative, by adopting the methods of Fixed Effects panel model, IV method and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The empirical results show that the business environment has a significant positive effect on per capita GDP in this area, which indicates that the improvement of business environment can promote the development of regional economy. Further study finds that the improvement of some government regulation procedures such as starting up a business, resolving insolvency, getting electricity provision, trading across borders, etc. can promote significantly the economic development. However, no significant test has passed for other sub-indicators such as construction approval time, loan acquirement, investor protection, levying taxation and contract execution. Property registration even hampers the economic development. Generally, the countries along the “Belt and Road” Initiative should attach importance to the business environment and gradually improve the specific indicators of business environment so as to promote the economic development. 