改革开放以来中国保险业发展的回顾与展望

Review and Prospect on Development of China's Insurance Industry Since the Reform and Opening-up

中文关键词:  保险业  改革开放  发展历程  主要矛盾  经济、社会变革  回顾与展望

英文关键词:insurance industry  reform and opening-up  development process  principal contradiction  economic and social change  retrospect and prospect

中文摘要:

      中国保险业自改革开放以来,取得了快速发展。从40多年的发展历程来看,保险业大致经历了恢复和准备、规范和试点、快速发展和入世承诺、完全开放4个阶段,取得了保费规模不断扩大、保险多元化主体逐渐形成、外资保险公司市场份额逐渐提升、保险产品不断多样化、保险中介市场快速发展、公司治理和行业自律逐渐完善等系列成就。在此期间,保险市场主要呈现出8组矛盾,包括保险供给与社会需求的矛盾、规模优先与利润优先的矛盾、所有者缺位与市场化运行的矛盾、市场发展与结构失衡的矛盾、强保险市场与弱资本市场的矛盾、业务国际化与行业不完全市场化的矛盾、保险人才需求旺盛与供给不足的矛盾、社会保险与商业人身保险不匹配的矛盾。未来,保险业进一步加强改革开放要适应社会环境和经济环境的最新变化。具体而言,应当注重开放模式数量化、经济基础市场化、保险意识整体化、条款费率市场化、营销渠道多元化、产业结构优质化、保险人才专业化、保险投资盈利化等12个方面。唯有深化改革、加速开放,才能促使中国从保险大国向保险强国迈进。

英文摘要:

      China's insurance industry has developed rapidly since the reform and opening up. During the course of 40 years, it has roughly gone through four stages:recovery and preparation, standardization and piloting, rapid development and WTO commitment fulfillment, and full opening up. It has made series of achievements:continuous expansion of insurance premium scale, gradual formation of diversification of insurance entities, gradually increase in market share of foreign insurance company entities, continuous diversification of insurance products, rapid development of insurance intermediary market, gradual improvement in corporate governance and industry self-discipline, etc. During the period, insurance market mainly reveals 8 contradictions:contradiction between supply and demand on the market, contradiction between scale priority and profit priority, contradiction between ownership vacancy and marketization operation, contradiction of market structure imbalance, contradiction of strong insurance market and weak capital market, contradiction between business internationalization and strict supervision methods, contradiction between insurance market demand for talents and insufficient supply of talents, and mismatch between social insurance and commercial life insurance. In the future, further reform and opening up will adapt to the newest change in social environment and economic environment. Specifically speaking, great importance should be attached to the outlook including 12 aspects:the quantification of open models, the market-based economic foundation, the integration of insurance awareness, the marketization of terms and rates, the diversification of marketing channels, the superior quality of industrial structure, the professionalization of insurance talents, the profitability of insurance investments, etc. Only with the deepening reform and the accelerating opening up, will China move forward to become an insurance power from a big insurance nation. 