互联网使用、技能异质性与劳动收入

Internet Use, Skills Heterogeneity and Labor Income

中文关键词:  互联网使用  劳动收入  中高技能劳动者  低技能劳动者  就业极化  收入效应

英文关键词:internet use  labor income  middle and high skilled workers  low skilled workers  employment polarization  income effect

中文摘要:

      随着数字经济时代的到来,互联网使用已经逐渐成为劳动者的日常行为,并对劳动力市场产生直接影响。基于2015年中国综合社会调查数据,运用Heckman两阶段模型、2sls等模型,研究互联网使用对劳动者收入的影响。研究发现:(1)互联网使用与劳动收入之间存在显著相关性。进一步研究发现,个体有互联网使用行为可以使个体劳动收入增加45.5%,加入就业身份、户口性质等变量后,结果依然稳健。(2)通过技能异质性研究发现,互联网使用对低技能群体的收入补偿效应更大,互联网使用使得低技能群体劳动收入显著增加53.6%,但是对中高技能群体的影响不显著。(3)影响机制分析表明,互联网使用通过提高总体和低技能群体的工作效率,以及降低总体和中高技能群体的工作搜寻成本的方式影响劳动收入。有鉴于此,政府应当降低数字化门槛,更大规模普及互联网的使用；利用互联网搭建更好的就业信息平台,把数字技能纳入就业培训体系。

英文摘要:

      With the advent of digital economy era, the use of the Internet has gradually become the daily behavior of workers, and has a direct impact on the labor market. Based on the data of China general social survey in 2015, this paper studies the impact of Internet use upon workers' income with the use of Heckman two-stage model, 2SLS, etc. The research finds that there is a significant correlation between Internet use and labor income. The 2SLS regression results show that the individual's Internet use behavior can increase the individual's labor income by 45.5%. After adding variables such as employment status and the nature of household registration, the results are still stable. Through the study of skill heterogeneity, we find that the effect of Internet use on income compensation of low-skilled groups is greater. Internet use increases the labor income of low-skilled groups by 53.6%, but it has no significant effect on middle-high skilled groups. The analysis of impact mechanism shows that Internet use affects labor income by improving the work efficiency of the general and low-skilled groups and reducing the cost of job search among the general and middle-high skilled groups. In view of this, the government should reduce the threshold of digitalization and popularize the use of the Internet on a larger scale. It is suggested that we should use the Internet to build a better employment information platform and incorporate digital skills into the employment training system. 