科技创新对收入不平等的影响——基于企业发展与政府干预视角

The Impact of Technological Innovation on Income Inequality Based on Perspective of Enterprise Development and Government Intervention

中文关键词:  科技创新  社会公平  收入不平等  企业发展  政府干预  异质性分析

英文关键词:technological innovation  social fairness  income inequality  enterprise development  government intervention  heterogeneity analysis

中文摘要:

      科技创新对中国社会发展具有深远影响,但以往文献鲜有研究科技创新对社会公平的影响。本文以科技创新对收入不平等的影响及作用机制作为研究内容。理论方面,基于Solow经济增长理论构建数理模型,进行归纳分析。实证方面,运用2008年、2010—2013年和2015年CGSS与省级面板匹配数据进行实证检验,并对中介机制进行识别,最后进行异质性分析。研究发现:(1)基于企业自主发展维度,由于行业间与企业间研发能力等科技创新水平差异,将导致收入不平等的加剧；(2)基于政府主导干预维度,由于政府通过抽税补贴等产业政策拉大了行业间与企业间科技创新水平,将导致收入不平等的加剧；(3)科技创新能够加剧收入不平等程度；(4)进一步通过异质性检验发现,科技创新对收入不平等的作用是基于区域内人力资本水平、政府规模以及地理属性等多种因素影响的。因此,建议科技创新在促进经济发展效率的同时,也要控制其对社会公平的扭曲作用。

英文摘要:

      Technological innovation has a far-reaching effect on China's social development. However, in the past, there was little research on the impact of technological innovation on social fairness. This paper takes the impact of technological innovation on income inequality and its mechanism of action as research content. Theoretically, the mathematical model is constructed based on Solow theory to carry out the inductive analysis. Empirically, the CGSS and the matched provincial panel data in 2008, during the years from 2010 to 2013 and in 2015 are used for empirical testing, intermediate mechanism identification and heterogeneity analysis. The study finds the following. (1) Based on enterprise development, due to differences in technological innovation levels between industries and inter-enterprise R&D capabilities, income inequality will be intensified. (2) Based on government intervention, the government has expanded its industrial policies through tax subsidies, thus the level of technological innovation between industries and enterprises will lead to the widening income inequality. (3) Empirical test results show that technological innovation can increase income inequality. (4) The heterogeneity test finds that the effect of technological innovation on income inequality is based on various factors including the level of human capital within the region, the size of the government, geographic attributes, etc. Therefore, while the technological innovation promotes the efficiency of economic development, the government must control its effect of distortion on social fairness. 