出口贸易技术效率能从集聚经济中获得提升吗?——基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验

Can Technical Efficiency of Export Trade be Enhanced by Industrial Agglomeration? ——Empirical Evidence Based on China's Provincial-level Panel Data

中文关键词:  产业集聚  出口贸易技术效率  人力资本  研发水平  外贸发展方式转变

英文关键词:industrial agglomeration  technical efficiency of export trade  human capital  research and development (R&D)  transformation of foreign trade development mode

中文摘要:

      文章首先对产业集聚影响出口贸易技术效率的作用机制进行了分析,在此基础上提出有待检验的理论命题。继而利用我国2003—2011年的省际面板数据,对各省份的产业集聚和出口贸易技术效率展开测算,并实证检验了产业集聚对出口贸易技术效率的影响。研究表明,产业集聚水平的提高对地区出口贸易技术效率的进步具有正面的促进作用,该发现在替换了核心变量和控制了内生性问题之后仍然是稳健的。进一步的检验发现,产业集聚能够通过提升地区的人力资本水平以及研发水平等途径来促进出口贸易技术效率的进步。文章的研究发现具有较为重要的政策意蕴,有助于从理论和实践两方面指导我国通过提升出口贸易技术效率的方式来扭转传统的“重数量、轻质量”的外贸发展模式,进而实现由贸易大国向贸易强国的整体性跨越。

英文摘要:

      This article first investigates the mechanism of industrial agglomeration on technical efficiency of export trade, and puts forward the propositions yet to be tested. Based on the provincial-level panel data during the period from 2003 to 2011, we calculate technical efficiency of export trade and indicators of industrial agglomeration for each province, and empirically test the impact of industrial agglomeration on technical efficiency of export trade. The result shows that, the increase of industrial agglomeration has played a positive role in promoting the technical efficiency of export trade, which is still robust with the key variable changed and the endogeneity issue controlled. Further test reveals that, industrial agglomeration can promote the improvement of technical efficiency of export trade by enhancing the levels of regional human capital and R&D. This research findings have important policy implications, which renders both theoretical and practical guidance for China to reverse China's traditional foreign trade development mode “attaching more importance to quantity instead of quality” by improving the technical efficiency of export trade, and thus makes an overall transition from a large trading nation to a trade power. 