服务业真实开放度的提升对我国服务业竞争力的影响

Impact of Increase in Real Openness of Service Industry upon Competitiveness of China‘s Service Industry

中文关键词:  服务业  服务业真实开放度  服务业竞争力  货物贸易

英文关键词:service industry  realopenness of service industry  competitiveness of service industry  trade in goods

中文摘要:

      中国入世至今的十余年间,服务业发展很快,服务业对外开放度不断提升。文章分析了加入WTO以来中国服务业真实开放度的提升对中国服务业国际竞争力的影响。实证结果发现,服务业真实开放度促进了中国服务业显示性比较优势指数的增长。若不考虑加入WTO因素,中国服务业真实开放度提高1个百分点,服务贸易竞争力平均提高0.09个百分点,但是考虑加入WTO因素以后,中国服务业真实开放度提高1个百分点,服务贸易竞争力增长不到0.01个百分点。这表明中国加入WTO以后,服务业开放度的提升对中国服务贸易竞争力的促进作用显著下降。同时,人力资本和服务贸易竞争力是影响我国货物贸易进出口规模的重要因素,中国加入WTO后,服务业真实开放度的提升显著促进了货物贸易进出口规模增长。因此,必须尽快制定政策,健全相关法律法规,改变当前国内管制限制服务业发展带来的负面影响,鼓励民间资本投资服务业,加强人力资本投入,促进国内服务业快速发展。

英文摘要:

      In the past decade since it joined the WTO, China has rapidly developed its service industry and has increased the openness in service industry. This paper analyzes the impact of increase in realopenness of China‘s service industry upon its international competitiveness. The empirical result in this paper shows that, the real openness of service industry promotes the growth of its Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) Index,taking no consideration of China‘s access to the WTO, with an increase by 1% in real openness of service industry, the competitiveness of China‘s trade in services is increased by 0.09% on average. However, considering the factor of China‘s access to the WTO, with an increase by 1% in real openness of service industry, the competitiveness of China‘s trade in services is increased by less than 0.01%. This indicates that after China‘s access to the WTO, the increase in openness of service industry is significantly declining in promoting the competitiveness of China‘s trade in services. Meanwhile, human capital and competitiveness index of China‘s trade in services are the important factors to promote the growth in the scale of China‘s import and export trade in goods. After China‘s access to the WTO, the increase in real openness of service industry significantly promotes the growth in the scale of China‘s import and export trade in goods. Therefore, China should make the polices and improve the related laws and regulations as quickly as possible to change the negative impact from the domestic control which limits the development of service industry, encourage the privately-owned capital to invest in service industry, and strengthen the input of human resources in order to promote a rapid growth in domestic service industry. 