城市劳动力市场二元分割与工资差异的演变——来自转换回归模型和工资差分解方法的证据

The Binary Segmentation of Urban Labor Market and the Evolution of Wage Differences:Evidence from Switching Regression Model and Wage Decomposition Method

中文关键词:  劳动力市场分割  动态演变  城市劳动力市场  工资差异  转换回归模型

英文关键词:labor market segmentation  dynamic evolution  urban labor market  wage differentials  switching regression

中文摘要:

      文章使用CHIP1995年和2002年的城市家庭调查数据,利用转换回归模型(Switching Regression)对中国劳动力市场的二元分割假设进行了验证,同时使用Oaxaca-Blinder分解方法对主要劳动力市场和次要劳动力市场上的工资差异进行了分析。研究结果表明:中国城市劳动力市场上存在着典型的二元分割现象,但随着时间的推移,其分割程度显著地弱化；观察到的工资差异更多的是由于劳动者的个人特征所决定的,而不是由于歧视或其他观察不到的因素所带来的；教育所代表的人力资本在劳动力市场上发挥的作用越来越强,而所有制带来的工资差异也不容忽视。总的来说,经过十多年的劳动力市场改革,我国城市劳动力市场的市场化程度有了较大的提高。

英文摘要:

      This paper tests the hypothesis of dual segmentation in Chinese urban labor market using data of urban families surveys from CHIP 1995 and 2002 by switching regression model. The results show Chinese urban labor market is typically dual segmented, and the extent to the segmentation has been attenuated with the passage of time. The wage differentials observed among workers are not reflected on the discrimination in the labor market but the diversities of individual's characteristics. Human capital indicated by educational levels of workers plays a more significant role in the labor market, while it also should be noted that the wage differentials partially cause the different ownerships of the enterprises. In a word, Chinese urban labor marketization has made rapid grogress after the reform over the period of more than a decade. 