论美国投资条约中的透明度规则及其对我国的启示

Transparency Rule in US Investment Treaties and its Enlightenment to China

中文关键词:  透明度  双边投资条约范本  投资协定谈判

英文关键词:transparency  model of bilateral investment treaty  investment agreement negotiation

中文摘要:

      透明度原则是WTO的一项基本原则。近年来，透明度的原则和规则逐渐从国际贸易法领域扩展到国际投资法领域，许多国际投资协定中都纳入了透明度条款。美国对外缔结的投资条约中全部含有透明度规则，这既是保护美国投资者海外权益的实际需要，又与美国国内信息自由立法和立法、行政程序公众参与的不断发展有重要关系。当前，中美投资协定谈判正在抓紧推进，其中一项重要议题就是透明度规则。中国缔结的双边投资协定中对透明度规则没有统一的立场，制度设计相对单一，为适应我国目前资本输入国和资本输出国的双重身份，在国内立法、司法、行政透明度不断提高的背景下，应当借鉴美国投资条约透明度规则，确立符合我国实际的透明度规则体系。

英文摘要:

      As a fundamental principle of WTO, the principle of transparency rule has gradually developed and expanded from the field of international trade law to the field of international investment law. A number of international investment agreements have incorporated the transparency clauses. The investment treaties concluded by the U.S. contain the transparency rule, which not only embodies the pragmatic need to protect the interests of the US overseas investors but also relates the continuous development of the US information freedom legislation and the public participation in both legislative and administrative procedures. The Sino-US investment agreement is now under negotiation and one of the important issues is the transparency rule. Currently, the investment agreements concluded by China have no unified position with regard to the transparency rule with the system design relatively simple. In order to adapt to Chinas dual identity of both capital importer and capital exporter, under the circumstances of more transparency in legislation, jurisdiction and administration, China should learn from the US in transparency rule of investment treaties and establish Chinas own system of transparency rule.