中国城乡居民消费差距的现状及其影响因素分析——基于1996—2009年省际面板数据的实证研究

Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Urban-rural Residents Consumption Disparity in China——Empirical Study Based on Provincial Panel Data during 1996—2010

中文关键词:  城乡消费差距  面板数据  系统广义矩估计

英文关键词:consumption disparity between urban and rural residents  panel data  system GMM estimation

中文摘要:

      城乡消费差距是中国城乡贫富差别的突出问题之一，文章在阐述1978年以来城乡消费差距现状的基础上，应用30个省份1996—2010年的面板数据，通过系统广义距估计，对影响中国城乡消费差距的因素进行实证分析，结果表明，城乡居民消费差距偏大且存在区域差异，比较参数估计结果后发现，人均GDP的增长导致城乡消费差距缩小，城市化率和产业结构升级等对缩小城乡消费差距也有着积极作用，城乡居民的收入比与消费比呈正相关，财政支出的增加反而加剧城乡消费差距。最后在定量分析的基础上得到政策启示。

英文摘要:

      The consumption disparity between urban and rural residents is one of the prominent problems in wealth gap between rich and poor in China. This paper expounds the status quo of consumption disparity between urban and rural residents in China since 1978. Using the panel data in 30 provinces during the years from 1996 to 2009, it makes an empirical study through system GMM estimation to analyze the factors affecting consumption disparity between urban and rural residents. The results indicate that the consumption disparity between urban and rural residents is relatively wide, which varies with regions. After comparing the results of parameter estimation, it shows that the per capita GDP growth tends to narrow the consumption disparity between urban and rural residents, the urbanization rate and the upgrade of industrial structure also have positive role in narrowing the urban and rural consumption disparity, the income ratio between urban and rural residents is positively related with their consumption ratio, the increase in fiscal expenditure exacerbates the consumption disparity between urban and rural residents. Finally, it provides the enlightening reference to policy based on the quantitative analysis.